Fire Safety Compliance

🧯 Fire Safety Maintenance: What Every Business Owner Should Know

Updated December 2024
12 min read
Liberty Test & Tag Team
Fire safety equipment including extinguisher and emergency lighting

Fire safety systems are not "set and forget." Under Australian standards—particularly AS 1851—businesses must maintain fire equipment through regular inspection, testing, and servicing to ensure it functions correctly in an emergency.

This guide breaks down what NSW business owners need to know about fire equipment maintenance, from fire extinguishers and emergency lighting to fire hose reels and fire blankets.

AS 1851
The key Australian Standard governing fire equipment maintenance and servicing
6–12 Months
Typical servicing intervals for most fire safety equipment
3 Minutes
Average time it takes a small fire to become uncontrollable if equipment fails

Why Regular Maintenance Matters

Fire safety equipment must be ready to operate instantly in an emergency. Regular maintenance ensures equipment hasn't degraded, been tampered with, or become non-compliant—and demonstrates your legal duty of care as a business owner.

1. Fire Extinguishers: AS 1851 Maintenance Requirements

Fire extinguishers are your first line of defence, but they must be professionally serviced to remain effective.

Fire extinguisher maintenance and testing

AS 1851 Testing Intervals

  • 6-monthly inspection: Visual checks, pressure gauge verification, accessibility
  • Annual maintenance: Full inspection by a qualified technician
  • 5-yearly pressure testing: Hydrostatic test (for applicable types)

What's Checked During an Inspection?

  • Pressure gauge reading (green zone)
  • Physical condition (corrosion, damage, leaks)
  • Safety pin and tamper seal intact
  • Compliance tag date and technician details
  • Location signage and accessibility

Common Fire Extinguisher Types

ABE Dry Chemical

General purpose. Suitable for Class A (combustibles), B (flammable liquids), E (electrical).

Water & Foam

For Class A fires (wood, paper, textiles). Not suitable for electrical or flammable liquid fires.

CO₂ Extinguisher

For electrical and flammable liquid fires. Leaves no residue. Common in server rooms and kitchens.

Wet Chemical

Designed for Class F fires (cooking oils and fats). Essential in commercial kitchens.

Compliance Requirement

Fire extinguishers must be serviced in accordance with AS 1851-2012 and AS 2444 (portable fire extinguishers). A licensed technician must carry out servicing, and each unit must display a compliant service tag with the technician's details and next service due date.

2. Emergency Lighting & Exit Signage

Emergency and exit lighting must illuminate escape paths when mains power fails. These systems require regular functional testing to confirm they operate correctly in an emergency.

Emergency exit sign and lighting

Daily/Weekly Checks

Visual inspection to ensure lights are illuminated and exit signs are visible.

Who: Building occupiers/managers

Six-Monthly Testing

Simulated power failure for at least 30 minutes to verify operation.

Who: Qualified technician

Annual Duration Test

Full 90-minute discharge test to confirm battery capacity meets AS 2293 requirements.

Who: Licensed electrician/technician

Critical Emergency Lighting Components

Exit Signs

Illuminated signs marking emergency exits. Must remain lit or activate immediately during power failure.

Escape Path Lighting

Lights illuminating corridors, stairwells, and pathways leading to exits.

Battery Backup Systems

Must provide minimum 90 minutes of illumination as per AS 2293.

Central Control Units

Monitors and controls emergency lighting circuits. Requires annual inspection and testing.

Common Emergency Lighting Failures

Battery Degradation

Batteries fail to hold charge after 3-5 years, reducing run time below 90 minutes.

LED or Lamp Failure

Individual lights or exit signs fail to illuminate during testing.

Wiring Faults

Corrosion, disconnections, or circuit faults prevent power delivery to lights.

Obstructed or Missing Signs

Exit signs blocked by furniture, equipment, or removed without replacement.

1

The Legal Requirement

Emergency lighting systems in NSW workplaces are governed by WorkCover NSW regulations, the Building Code of Australia (BCA), and Australian Standard AS/NZS 2293. Business owners have a legal duty to ensure these systems are regularly tested and maintained.

WHS Regulation 2017 (NSW)

Under Regulation 43, a person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU) must ensure emergency lighting is provided and maintained in working order at all times.

Failure to comply can result in significant fines and liability in the event of an emergency.

Building Code of Australia (BCA) Requirements

The BCA mandates that emergency lighting must:

  • Illuminate all exit paths, stairways, and corridors
  • Operate for a minimum of 90 minutes during a power failure
  • Be installed in all Class 5-9 buildings (offices, retail, industrial, etc.)
  • Comply with AS/NZS 2293 for design, installation, and maintenance

AS/NZS 2293: Emergency Lighting Standards

This standard sets out the design, installation, and maintenance requirements for emergency lighting systems. Key aspects include:

Part 1: System Design

Specifies lux levels, spacing, and coverage for emergency lighting units

Part 2: Inspection & Maintenance

Outlines testing intervals and documentation requirements

Part 3: Exit Signs

Standards for exit sign visibility, placement, and illumination

Compliance Documentation

Test certificates and maintenance logs must be retained for audits

Mandatory Testing Intervals

Every
6 Months

Functional Test

Simulated power failure for 30 minutes to verify all emergency lights and exit signs activate and remain illuminated.

Requirement: AS/NZS 2293.2 Clause 5.3
Every
12 Months

Full Duration Test

Complete 90-minute discharge test to confirm battery capacity meets regulatory requirements. Must be performed by a qualified technician.

Requirement: AS/NZS 2293.2 Clause 5.4

3. Fire Hose Reels & Fire Blankets

Fire hose reels and fire blankets are supplementary fire safety equipment that require regular inspection and maintenance under AS 1851-2012.

Fire Hose Reels

Fire hose reels provide a continuous water supply for fighting small to medium fires. They are commonly installed in industrial sites, warehouses, and large commercial buildings.

AS 1851-2012 Maintenance Schedule

6-Monthly Inspection:

Visual check for damage, water flow test, hose condition, nozzle operation

Annual Service:

Full inspection, pressure testing, hose reel operation, valve functionality

5-Yearly Pressure Test:

Hydrostatic pressure test of hose and system components

✓ Physical Inspection
  • • Hose condition (cracks, wear, UV damage)
  • • Reel rotation and mounting
  • • Signage and accessibility
✓ Operational Testing
  • • Water flow and pressure
  • • Nozzle spray pattern
  • • Stop valve operation

Fire Blankets

Fire blankets are used to smother small fires, particularly cooking oil fires, or to wrap around a person whose clothing is on fire. They are mandatory in commercial kitchens and recommended in laboratories and workshops.

AS 1851 Inspection Requirements

6-Monthly Check:
  • • Sealed container intact
  • • No visible damage
  • • Accessible location
  • • Clear signage
Annual Inspection:
  • • Open and unfold blanket
  • • Check for tears or contamination
  • • Verify compliance tag
  • • Repack correctly
Important Note

Fire blankets are single-use only. Once deployed, they must be replaced immediately—even if they appear undamaged. After deployment, the blanket may have sustained heat damage that compromises its effectiveness.

4. Complete Fire Safety Maintenance Calendar

Here's a consolidated timeline showing when each type of fire safety equipment requires inspection, testing, or servicing.

Annual Maintenance Timeline

6M

Every Six Months

Fire Extinguishers

Visual inspection, pressure check, tag verification

Emergency Lighting

30-minute functional test

Fire Hose Reels

Water flow test, hose condition check

Fire Blankets

Visual inspection, container integrity

12M

Every Twelve Months

Fire Extinguishers

Full service by licensed technician

Emergency Lighting

90-minute discharge test

Fire Hose Reels

Complete system inspection and pressure test

Fire Blankets

Open, inspect, and repack

5Y

Every Five Years

Fire Extinguishers

Hydrostatic pressure test (where applicable)

Fire Hose Reels

Hydrostatic pressure test of hose and system

Record Keeping Requirements

AS 1851 and AS 2293 require that all fire safety inspections and tests be documented. These records must be retained and made available for inspection by authorities.

What Must Be Recorded:

  • Date and time of inspection/test
  • Equipment identification details
  • Test results and observations
  • Any faults identified and actions taken
  • Next service due date

Technician Details Required:

  • Technician name and signature
  • License or certification number
  • Company name and contact details
  • Compliance tag affixed to equipment

Penalties for Non-Compliance

Failure to maintain fire safety equipment can result in:

Financial Penalties

Fines up to $300,000 for corporations under WHS laws

Legal Liability

Personal liability for directors and officers in case of injury or death

Insurance Issues

Claims may be denied if equipment was not properly maintained

Ensure Your Workplace Meets Every Fire Safety Requirement

Liberty Test & Tag offers comprehensive fire equipment testing and servicing across Sydney, Canberra, and Lithgow—fully compliant with AS 1851 and AS 2293 standards.

Fire Extinguishers

6M & annual servicing to AS 1851

Emergency Lighting

6M functional & annual 90-min tests

Fire Hose Reels

Flow testing & pressure checks

Fire Blankets

Inspection & compliance tagging

AS 1851 Certified
Fully Insured
Same-Week Service
Digital Compliance Reports

Servicing:

Greater Sydney • Canberra & ACT • Lithgow & Blue Mountains • Regional NSW

"Fire safety maintenance isn't optional—it's your legal duty and your best defence against tragedy. Don't wait for an audit or emergency to discover your equipment isn't compliant."